{"id":59641,"date":"2025-11-06T22:45:53","date_gmt":"2025-11-06T22:45:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.threatshub.org\/blog\/gootloader-malware-back-for-the-attack-serves-up-ransomware\/"},"modified":"2025-11-06T22:45:53","modified_gmt":"2025-11-06T22:45:53","slug":"gootloader-malware-back-for-the-attack-serves-up-ransomware","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.threatshub.org\/blog\/gootloader-malware-back-for-the-attack-serves-up-ransomware\/","title":{"rendered":"Gootloader malware back for the attack, serves up ransomware"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Gootloader JavaScript malware, commonly used to deliver ransomware, is back in action after a period of reduced activity.<\/p>\n<p>Since October 27, security shop Huntress says it has spotted three Gootloader infections, and two of these led to hands-on-keyboard intrusions with domain controller compromise occurring in as little as 17 hours after the attackers gained initial access.<\/p>\n<p>Huntress senior analyst Anna Pham told <em>The Register<\/em> that her team has attributed all three intrusions to Gootloader operator Storm-0494 and ransomware gang Vanilla Tempest (aka Rhysida).<\/p>\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"adun\" data-pos=\"top\" data-raptor=\"condor\" data-xsm=\",fluid,mpu,dmpu,\" data-sm=\",fluid,mpu,dmpu,\" data-md=\",fluid,mpu,dmpu,\"> <noscript> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/jump?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/cybercrime&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=2&amp;c=2aQ0yiWLTBgk1DMJT6h0MwAAAANY&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D2%26raptor%3Dcondor%26pos%3Dtop%26test%3D0\" target=\"_blank\"> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/ad?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/cybercrime&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=2&amp;c=2aQ0yiWLTBgk1DMJT6h0MwAAAANY&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D2%26raptor%3Dcondor%26pos%3Dtop%26test%3D0\" alt> <\/a> <\/noscript> <\/div>\n<p>&#8220;The infection operates through a well-established criminal partnership: Storm-0494 handles Gootloader operations and initial access, then hands off compromised environments to Vanilla Tempest for post-exploitation and ransomware deployment,&#8221; Pham <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.huntress.com\/blog\/gootloader-threat-detection-woff2-obfuscation\">said<\/a> in a Wednesday blog.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"adun\" data-pos=\"top\" data-raptor=\"falcon\" data-xmd=\",fluid,mpu,leaderboard,\" data-lg=\",fluid,mpu,leaderboard,\" data-xlg=\",fluid,billboard,superleaderboard,mpu,leaderboard,\" data-xxlg=\",fluid,billboard,superleaderboard,brandwidth,brandimpact,leaderboard,mpu,\"> <noscript> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/jump?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/cybercrime&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=4&amp;c=44aQ0yiWLTBgk1DMJT6h0MwAAAANY&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D4%26raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" target=\"_blank\"> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/ad?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/cybercrime&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=4&amp;c=44aQ0yiWLTBgk1DMJT6h0MwAAAANY&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D426raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" alt> <\/a> <\/noscript> <\/div>\n<div class=\"adun_eagle_desktop_story_wrapper\">\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"adun\" data-pos=\"mid\" data-raptor=\"eagle\" data-xxlg=\",mpu,dmpu,\"> <noscript> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/jump?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/cybercrime&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=3&amp;c=33aQ0yiWLTBgk1DMJT6h0MwAAAANY&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D3%26raptor%3Deagle%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" target=\"_blank\"> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/ad?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/cybercrime&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=3&amp;c=33aQ0yiWLTBgk1DMJT6h0MwAAAANY&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D3%26raptor%3Deagle%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" alt> <\/a> <\/noscript> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theregister.com\/2023\/01\/30\/gootloader_mandiant_malware\/\">Gootloader<\/a>, which functions as both a <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theregister.com\/2024\/11\/06\/bengal_cat_australia\/\">malware dropper and an infostealer<\/a>, has been around since at least 2014 with some <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gootloader.wordpress.com\/2025\/03\/31\/gootloader-returns-malware-hidden-in-google-ads-for-legal-documents\/\">disruptions to its operations<\/a> and briefly resurged in March. Like most movie monsters and malware, however, it returned from the grave, this time with some changes &#8211; like custom WOFF2 fonts with glyph substitution to obfuscate filenames &#8211; and some of the same old tricks such as SEO poisoning.<\/p>\n<p>In one of the infections that Huntress discovered, the user was searching &#8220;missouri cover utility easement roadway&#8221; via Bing, and the search engine served up a compromised site in the first page of results.<\/p>\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"adun\" data-pos=\"top\" data-raptor=\"falcon\" data-xsm=\",fluid,mpu,dmpu,\" data-sm=\",fluid,mpu,dmpu,\" data-md=\",fluid,mpu,dmpu,\"> <noscript> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/jump?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/cybercrime&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=4&amp;c=44aQ0yiWLTBgk1DMJT6h0MwAAAANY&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D4%26raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" target=\"_blank\"> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/ad?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/cybercrime&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=4&amp;c=44aQ0yiWLTBgk1DMJT6h0MwAAAANY&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D426raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" alt> <\/a> <\/noscript> <\/div>\n<p>The loader abuses WordPress&#8217;s comment submission endpoint to hide encrypted payloads, and&nbsp;when the user clicks &#8220;Download,&#8221; they unwittingly install a ZIP archive with a malicious JavaScript file for additional payloads such as ransomware.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;One of the interesting observations is that Gootloader is using a custom web font to obfuscate the filenames,&#8221; Pham wrote. &#8220;So, when the user attempts to copy the filename or inspect the source code\u2014they will see weird characters like \u201b\u203a\u03bcI\u20acvSO\u20bd*&#8217;Oa\u03bc==\u20ac\u201a\u201a33O%33\u201a\u20ac\u00d7:O[TM\u20acv3cwv,. However, when rendered in the victim&#8217;s browser, these same characters magically transform into perfectly readable text like Florida_HOA_Committee_Meeting_Guide.pdf.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>The miscreants did this by using a custom WOFF2 font file that Gootloader embeds directly into the JavaScript code of the compromised webpage.<\/p>\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"adun\" id=\"story_eagle_xsm_sm_md_xmd_lg_xlg\" data-pos=\"mid\" data-raptor=\"eagle\" data-xsm=\",mpu,dmpu,\" data-sm=\",mpu,dmpu,\" data-md=\",mpu,dmpu,\" data-xmd=\",mpu,dmpu,\" data-lg=\",mpu,dmpu,\" data-xlg=\",mpu,dmpu,\"> <noscript> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/jump?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/cybercrime&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=3&amp;c=33aQ0yiWLTBgk1DMJT6h0MwAAAANY&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D3%26raptor%3Deagle%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" target=\"_blank\"> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/ad?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/cybercrime&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=3&amp;c=33aQ0yiWLTBgk1DMJT6h0MwAAAANY&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D3%26raptor%3Deagle%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" alt> <\/a> <\/noscript> <\/div>\n<p>Between 10 and 20 minutes after executing the initial JavaScript file, the malware creates two persistence mechanisms for the follow-on activity. This includes deploying the Supper SOCKS5 backdoor for remote access to compromised devices.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;In these three specific October 2025 infections, we documented the presence of Vanilla Tempest&#8217;s signature Supper backdoor,&#8221; Pham told <em>The Register<\/em>. &#8220;We identified a specific obfuscator we named &#8216;TextShell&#8217; that was used in the malware samples. Further investigation and analysis using YARA rules for the &#8216;TextShell&#8217; obfuscator revealed that the same obfuscation was <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theregister.com\/2025\/10\/31\/rhysida_abuses_fake_teams_ads\/\">also present in OysterLoader<\/a> samples, another backdoor exclusively associated with Vanilla Tempest operations.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Vanilla Tempest (aka <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theregister.com\/2022\/02\/08\/optionis_vice_society\/\">Vice Society<\/a>) has been active since at least 2021, using various ransomware families before <a href=\"https:\/\/news.sophos.com\/en-us\/2023\/11\/10\/vice-society-and-rhysida-ransomware\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">rebranding as Rhysida<\/a> in 2023 and deploying <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theregister.com\/2025\/03\/10\/rhysida_healthcare\/\">Rhysida ransomware<\/a> in its infections.<\/p>\n<p>In an infection that Huntress investigated, about 20 minutes after executing the initial JavaScript file, the network intruders performed reconnaissance from one of the four Supper SOCKS5 backdoors dropped onto the victim&#8217;s machine. &#8220;Why the threat actor decided to drop four instances of a Supper backdoor is still a mystery,&#8221; Pham wrote.<\/p>\n<p>Just under 17 hours after the initial JavaScript execution and reconnaissance activity, the criminals used Windows Remote Management to move laterally to the Domain Controller and create a new user with admin-level access.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Then they used Impacket to remotely execute&nbsp;a command on the Domain Controller that allowed them to identify backup snapshots on the system. Ransomware crims typically do this right before deleting the backups and deploying data-encrypting malware on compromised machines.<\/p>\n<p>Huntress published indicators of compromise, plus <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/RussianPanda95\/Yara-Rules\/blob\/main\/VanillaTempest\/win_mal_TextShell.yar\">Yara rules<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/RussianPanda95\/Yara-Rules\/blob\/main\/VanillaTempest\/win_mal_SupperBackdoor.yar\">Supper backdoor<\/a> detections, to help defenders hunt for signs of Gootloader and Vanilla Tempest on their networks, so check those out.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;What makes Gootloader particularly dangerous is the speed of the attack chain,&#8221; Pham told <em>The Register<\/em>. &#8220;The research shows that organizations have a narrow window to detect and respond before threat actors achieve domain controller compromise and begin ransomware preparation activities.&#8221; \u00ae<\/p>\n<p> READ MORE <a href=\"https:\/\/go.theregister.com\/feed\/www.theregister.com\/2025\/11\/06\/gootloader_back_ransomware\/\">HERE<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Move fast &#8211; miscreants compromised a domain controller in 17 hours Gootloader JavaScript malware, commonly used to deliver ransomware, is back in action after a period of reduced activity.\u2026 READ MORE HERE&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[63],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59641","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-the-register"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gootloader malware back for the attack, serves up ransomware 2026 | ThreatsHub Cybersecurity 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