{"id":53915,"date":"2023-09-29T18:43:00","date_gmt":"2023-09-29T18:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.darkreading.com\/dr-global\/spyware-vendor-egyptian-orgs-ios-exploit-chain"},"modified":"2023-09-29T18:43:00","modified_gmt":"2023-09-29T18:43:00","slug":"spyware-vendor-targets-egyptian-orgs-with-rare-ios-exploit-chain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.threatshub.org\/blog\/spyware-vendor-targets-egyptian-orgs-with-rare-ios-exploit-chain\/","title":{"rendered":"Spyware Vendor Targets Egyptian Orgs With Rare iOS Exploit Chain"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/eu-images.contentstack.com\/v3\/assets\/blt66983808af36a8ef\/bltb4cf51a10dc1a1cf\/65170efdebb661241e9b6cf5\/pyramids-agefotostock-alamy.jpg\" class=\"ff-og-image-inserted\"><\/div>\n<p>An Israeli surveillanceware company used the three Apple zero-day vulnerabilities disclosed last week to develop an exploit chain for iPhones, and a Chrome zero-day to exploit Androids \u2014 all in a novel attack on Egyptian organizations.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.google\/threat-analysis-group\/0-days-exploited-by-commercial-surveillance-vendor-in-egypt\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">According to a recent report<\/a> from Google&#8217;s Threat Analysis Group (TAG), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.darkreading.com\/vulnerabilities-threats\/receipt-8m-ios-zero-day-sale-dark-web\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the company \u2014 which calls itself &#8220;Intellexa&#8221;<\/a> \u2014 used the special access it gained through the exploit chain&nbsp;to install its signature &#8220;Predator&#8221; spyware against unnamed targets in Egypt.<\/p>\n<p>Predator was first developed by Cytrox, one of a number of spyware developers that have been&nbsp;absorbed under the umbrella of Intellexa in recent years, according to TAG. The company is a known threat:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/citizenlab.ca\/2021\/12\/pegasus-vs-predator-dissidents-doubly-infected-iphone-reveals-cytrox-mercenary-spyware\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Intellexa had previously deployed Predator<\/a> against Egyptian citizens back in 2021.<\/p>\n<p>Intellexa&#8217;s iPhone infections in Egypt began with man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks, intercepting users as they attempted to reach http sites (encrypted https requests were immune).<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The use of MITM injection gives the attacker a capability where they don&#8217;t have to rely on the user to take a typical action like clicking a specific link, opening a document, etc.,&#8221; TAG researchers note via email. &#8220;This is similar to zero-click exploits, but without having to find a vulnerability in a zero-click attack surface.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>They added, &#8220;this is yet another example of the harms caused by commercial surveillance vendors and the threats they pose not only to individuals, but society at large.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"regular-text\">3 Zero-Days in iOS, 1 Attack Chain<\/h2>\n<p>Using the MITM gambit, users were redirected to an attacker-controlled site. From there, if the ensnared user was the intended target \u2014 each attack being aimed only at specific individuals \u2014 they would be redirected to a second domain, where the exploit would trigger.<\/p>\n<p>Intellexa&#8217;s exploit chain involved three zero-day<a href=\"https:\/\/www.darkreading.com\/application-security\/apple-fixes-3-more-zero-day-vulnerabilities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&nbsp;vulnerabilities, which have been patched<\/a> as of iOS 17.0.1. They&#8217;re&nbsp;tracked as <a href=\"https:\/\/nvd.nist.gov\/vuln\/detail\/CVE-2023-41992\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CVE-2023-41993<\/a> \u2014 a remote code execution (RCE) bug in Safari;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/nvd.nist.gov\/vuln\/detail\/CVE-2023-41991\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CVE-2023-41991<\/a> \u2014 a certificate validation issue allowing for PAC bypass;&nbsp;and <a href=\"https:\/\/nvd.nist.gov\/vuln\/detail\/CVE-2023-41992\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CVE-2023-41992<\/a> \u2014 which enables privilege escalation in the device kernel.<\/p>\n<p>After all three steps were complete, a small binary would determine whether to drop the Predator malware.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The finding of a full zero-day exploit chain for iOS is typically novel in learning what&#8217;s currently cutting edge for attackers. Each time a zero-day exploit is caught in-the-wild, it&#8217;s the failure case for attackers \u2014 they don&#8217;t want us to know what vulnerabilities they have and how their exploits work,&#8221; the researchers noted in the email. &#8220;As a security and tech industry, it&#8217;s our job to learn as much as we can about these exploits to make it that much harder for them to create a new one.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"regular-text\">A Singular Vulnerability in Android<\/h2>\n<p>In addition to iOS, Intellexa targeted Android phones via MITM and one-time links sent directly to targets.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This time only one vulnerability was needed: <a href=\"https:\/\/nvd.nist.gov\/vuln\/detail\/CVE-2023-4762\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CVE-2023-4762<\/a>, high-severity but rating&nbsp;8.8 out of 10 on the CVSS vulnerability-severity scale. The flaw <a href=\"https:\/\/www.darkreading.com\/vulnerabilities-threats\/chrome-flags-third-zero-day-this-month-tied-to-spying-exploits\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">exists in&nbsp;Google Chrome<\/a> and enables attackers to execute arbitrary code on a host machine via a specially crafted HTML page. Independently reported by a security researcher and patched as of Sept. 5, Google TAG believes Intellexa was previously using the vulnerability as a zero-day.<\/p>\n<p>The good news is the&nbsp;findings will send would-be attackers back to the drawing board, according to Google TAG.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The attackers will now have to replace four of their zero-day exploits, which means they have to buy or develop new exploits to maintain their ability to install Predator on iPhones,&#8221; the researchers emailed. &#8220;Each time their exploits are caught in the wild, it costs attackers money, time, and resources.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Read More <a href=\"https:\/\/www.darkreading.com\/dr-global\/spyware-vendor-egyptian-orgs-ios-exploit-chain\">HERE<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Israeli company developed highly-targeted, mobile malware that would make any APT jealous.Read More <a href=\"https:\/\/www.darkreading.com\/dr-global\/spyware-vendor-egyptian-orgs-ios-exploit-chain\">HERE<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[151],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53915","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-darkreading-ti"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Spyware Vendor Targets Egyptian Orgs With Rare iOS Exploit Chain 2026 | ThreatsHub Cybersecurity News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"ThreatsHub Cybersecurity News | ThreatsHub.org | Cloud Security &amp; Cyber Threats Analysis Hub. 100% Free OSINT Threat Intelligent and Cybersecurity News.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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