{"id":50928,"date":"2023-03-09T02:26:12","date_gmt":"2023-03-09T02:26:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.threatshub.org\/blog\/suspected-chinese-cyber-spies-target-unpatched-sonicwall-devices\/"},"modified":"2023-03-09T02:26:12","modified_gmt":"2023-03-09T02:26:12","slug":"suspected-chinese-cyber-spies-target-unpatched-sonicwall-devices","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.threatshub.org\/blog\/suspected-chinese-cyber-spies-target-unpatched-sonicwall-devices\/","title":{"rendered":"Suspected Chinese cyber spies target unpatched SonicWall devices"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Suspected Chinese cyber criminals have zeroed in on unpatched SonicWall gateways and are infecting the devices with credential-stealing malware that persists through firmware upgrades, according to Mandiant.<\/p>\n<p>The spyware targets the SonicWall Secure Mobile Access (SMA) 100 Series \u2013 a gateway device that provides VPN access to remote users.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The networking vendor confirmed the malware campaign in a statement emailed to <em>The Register<\/em>:<\/p>\n<p>The campaign targeted &#8220;an extremely limited number of unpatched SMA 100 series appliances from the 2021 timeframe,&#8221; the spokesperson added.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Last week&#8217;s <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.sonicwall.com\/en-us\/2023\/03\/new-sma-release-updates-openssl-library-includes-key-security-features\/\">firmware update<\/a> \u2013 which the spokesperson described as a &#8220;maintenance release&#8221; \u2013 included additional hardening such as File Integrity Monitoring (FIM) and anomalous process identification, as well as OpenSSL library updates.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"adun\" data-pos=\"top\" data-raptor=\"condor\" data-xsm=\",fluid,mpu,\" data-sm=\",fluid,mpu,\" data-md=\",fluid,mpu,\"> <noscript> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/jump?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/front&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=2&amp;c=2ZAmxD1EUYyaimCiUTQcMWQAAAJM&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D2%26raptor%3Dcondor%26pos%3Dtop%26test%3D0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/ad?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/front&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=2&amp;c=2ZAmxD1EUYyaimCiUTQcMWQAAAJM&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D2%26raptor%3Dcondor%26pos%3Dtop%26test%3D0\" alt> <\/a> <\/noscript> <\/div>\n<p>It&#8217;s unclear whether this malware campaign is related to earlier <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theregister.com\/2021\/07\/15\/sonicwall_secure_access\/\" rel=\"noopener\">ransomware infections<\/a>, which targeted some of these same devices in 2021. Mandiant also assisted SonicWall to address that threat.<\/p>\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"adun\" data-pos=\"top\" data-raptor=\"falcon\" data-xmd=\",fluid,mpu,leaderboard,\" data-lg=\",fluid,mpu,leaderboard,\" data-xlg=\",fluid,billboard,superleaderboard,mpu,leaderboard,\" data-xxlg=\",fluid,billboard,superleaderboard,brandwidth,brandimpact,leaderboard,mpu,\"> <noscript> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/jump?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/front&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=4&amp;c=44ZAmxD1EUYyaimCiUTQcMWQAAAJM&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D4%26raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/ad?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/front&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=4&amp;c=44ZAmxD1EUYyaimCiUTQcMWQAAAJM&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D426raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" alt> <\/a> <\/noscript> <\/div>\n<div class=\"adun_eagle_desktop_story_wrapper\">\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"adun\" data-pos=\"mid\" data-raptor=\"eagle\" data-xxlg=\",mpu,dmpu,\"> <noscript> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/jump?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/front&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=3&amp;c=33ZAmxD1EUYyaimCiUTQcMWQAAAJM&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D3%26raptor%3Deagle%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/ad?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/front&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=3&amp;c=33ZAmxD1EUYyaimCiUTQcMWQAAAJM&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D3%26raptor%3Deagle%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" alt> <\/a> <\/noscript> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&#8220;The joint investigation revealed that the devices had known exploited vulnerabilities going back as far as 2019 and were not remediated until 2021,&#8221; the SonicWall spokesperson confirmed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;SonicWall cannot conclusively attribute the initial attack vector, nor can we correlate threat activity with high confidence to ransomware attacks in 2021,&#8221; the spokesperson added. &#8220;The investigation, however, revealed that the unpatched devices were vulnerable to known exploited vulnerabilities, including CVE-2021-20016, CVE-2021-20028, CVE-2019-7483 and CVE-2019-7481.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"adun\" data-pos=\"top\" data-raptor=\"falcon\" data-xsm=\",fluid,mpu,\" data-sm=\",fluid,mpu,\" data-md=\",fluid,mpu,\"> <noscript> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/jump?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/front&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=4&amp;c=44ZAmxD1EUYyaimCiUTQcMWQAAAJM&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D4%26raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/ad?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/front&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=4&amp;c=44ZAmxD1EUYyaimCiUTQcMWQAAAJM&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D426raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" alt> <\/a> <\/noscript> <\/div>\n<p>According to Mandiant&#8217;s assessment, the newly identified campaign uses malware that consists of bash scripts and one Executable and Linkable Form binary that the Google-owned threat hunters identified as a TinyShell backdoor.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The overall behavior of the suite of malicious bash scripts shows a detailed understanding of the appliance and is well tailored to the system to provide stability and persistence,&#8221; Mandiant&#8217;s Daniel Lee, Stephen Eckels and Ben Read observed in a <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mandiant.com\/resources\/blog\/suspected-chinese-persist-sonicwall\">blog post<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"crosshead\">Tell me it&#8217;s China without <em>telling me<\/em> it&#8217;s China<\/h3>\n<p>Mandiant tracks the threat actor as UNC4540 \u2013 UNC in Mandiant&#8217;s threat-actor naming nomenclature stands for uncategorized group, and opposed to nation-state attackers (APT) and financially-motivated threat groups (FIN).&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>However, the fact that the malware can successfully compromise managed appliances suggests attackers with &#8220;a fair amount of resource and effort,&#8221; according to&nbsp;Lee, Eckels and Read.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Additionally, this campaign is consistent with Chinese threat actors&#8217; pattern of <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mandiant.com\/resources\/blog\/chinese-actors-exploit-fortios-flaw\">targeting network devices<\/a> for zero-day exploits, which suggests that a Beijing-backed crew is behind this latest effort, the trio added.<\/p>\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"adun\" id=\"story_eagle_xsm_sm_md_xmd_lg_xlg\" data-pos=\"mid\" data-raptor=\"eagle\" data-xsm=\",mpu,dmpu,\" data-sm=\",mpu,dmpu,\" data-md=\",mpu,dmpu,\" data-xmd=\",mpu,dmpu,\" data-lg=\",mpu,dmpu,\" data-xlg=\",mpu,dmpu,\"> <noscript> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/jump?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/front&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=3&amp;c=33ZAmxD1EUYyaimCiUTQcMWQAAAJM&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D3%26raptor%3Deagle%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/ad?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_security\/front&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=3&amp;c=33ZAmxD1EUYyaimCiUTQcMWQAAAJM&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D3%26raptor%3Deagle%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" alt> <\/a> <\/noscript> <\/div>\n<p>The malware uses a bash script named <code>firewalld<\/code> that executes a SQL command to steal credentials and execute other components, including the TinyShell backdoor. &#8220;The primary purpose of the malware appears to be to steal hashed credentials from all logged in users,&#8221; the Mandiant team said.<\/p>\n<p>The miscreants also &#8220;put significant effort&#8221; into ensuring stability and persistence for the malware, the threat hunters added. This includes writing redundant scripts to ensure the malware is deployed, even if the device were to crash.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Plus, a bash script checks every ten seconds for a new firmware upgrade. When it sees one, it copies the file for backup, adds the malware and puts the package back in place, which shows &#8220;considerable effort on the part of the attacker to understand the appliance update cycle, then develop and test a method for persistence,&#8221; the trio wrote.<\/p>\n<p>According to Mandiant Consulting CTO Charles Carmakal, the main takeaway from this campaign is that &#8220;cyberespionage groups continue to focus on exploiting systems that do not support EDR [endpoint detection and response] solutions.&#8221;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;They realize many organizations are dependent on EDR solutions to detect and defend against attacks,&#8221; Carmakal told <em>The Register<\/em>. &#8220;We&#8217;ve seen China and Russia-based threat actors exploit zero-day vulnerabilities and deploy malware across a wide range of technology and security solutions such VPN appliances, hypervisors, load balancers, firewalls, email security products, IOT devices, SAN arrays, etc.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Carmakal also commended SonicWall for the firmware update, which &#8220;will better enable organizations to detect compromised devices,&#8221; and said he hopes &#8220;more vendors push out similar code to their devices.&#8221; \u00ae<\/p>\n<p> READ MORE <a href=\"https:\/\/go.theregister.com\/feed\/www.theregister.com\/2023\/03\/09\/suspected_chinese_cyberspies_target_uppatched\/\">HERE<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>They&#8217;ve been lurking in networks since at least 2021 Suspected Chinese cyber criminals have zeroed in on unpatched SonicWall gateways and are infecting the devices with credential-stealing malware that persists through firmware upgrades, according to Mandiant.\u2026  READ MORE HERE&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[63],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50928","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-the-register"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Suspected Chinese cyber spies target unpatched SonicWall devices 2026 | ThreatsHub Cybersecurity News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"ThreatsHub Cybersecurity News | ThreatsHub.org | Cloud Security &amp; Cyber Threats Analysis Hub. 100% Free OSINT Threat Intelligent and Cybersecurity News.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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