{"id":48121,"date":"2022-08-23T13:22:55","date_gmt":"2022-08-23T13:22:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/packetstormsecurity.com\/news\/view\/33760\/Mudge-Blows-The-Whistle-On-Twitters-Security.html"},"modified":"2022-08-23T13:22:55","modified_gmt":"2022-08-23T13:22:55","slug":"mudge-blows-the-whistle-on-twitters-security","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.threatshub.org\/blog\/mudge-blows-the-whistle-on-twitters-security\/","title":{"rendered":"Mudge Blows The Whistle On Twitter&#8217;s Security"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_3A8A26BE-9985-C476-B48B-BB315E7FFB0F@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Twitter has major security problems that pose a threat to its own users\u2019 personal information, to company shareholders, to national security, and to democracy, according to an explosive whistleblower disclosure obtained exclusively by CNN and The Washington Post. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_EBE3AB18-A0DE-0A33-AC85-C8747FBAE0A4@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The disclosure, sent last month to Congress and federal agencies, paints a picture of a chaotic and reckless environment at a mismanaged company that allows too many of its staff access to the platform\u2019s central controls and most sensitive information without adequate oversight. It also alleges that some of the company\u2019s senior-most executives have been trying to cover up Twitter\u2019s serious vulnerabilities, and that one or more current employees may be working for a foreign intelligence service. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_92AD960D-948D-35AE-1508-C8747FBE1748@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The whistleblower, who has agreed to be publicly identified, is Peiter \u201cMudge\u201d Zatko, who was previously the company\u2019s head of security, reporting directly to the CEO. Zatko further alleges that Twitter\u2019s leadership has misled its own board and government regulators about its security vulnerabilities, including some that could allegedly open the door to foreign spying or manipulation, hacking and disinformation campaigns. The whistleblower also alleges Twitter does not reliably delete users\u2019 data after they cancel their accounts, in some cases because the company has lost track of the information, and that it has misled regulators about whether it deletes the data as it is required to do. The whistleblower also says Twitter executives don\u2019t have the resources to fully understand the true number of bots on the platform, and were not motivated to. Bots have recently become central to Elon Musk\u2019s attempts to back out of a $44 billion deal to buy the company (although Twitter denies Musk\u2019s claims). <\/p>\n<div data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/image\/instances\/image-23bf3f1cdc489ea1b430eb6eea523d08@published\" class=\"image_inline-full\" data-image-variation=\"image_inline-full\" data-name data-component-name=\"image\" data-observe-resizes data-breakpoints=\"{&quot;image_inline-full--eq-extra-small&quot;: 115, &quot;image_inline-full--eq-small&quot;: 300}\" data-editable=\"settings\">\n<div class=\"image_inline-full__container \" data-image-variation=\"image_inline-full\" data-breakpoints=\"{&quot;image_inline-full--eq-extra-small&quot;: 115, &quot;image_inline-full--eq-small&quot;: 300}\"> <picture class=\"image_inline-full__picture\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/20220822-screen-shot-2022-08-22-at-7-52-35-pm.png?q=h_499,w_566,x_0,y_0\/w_1280\" alt class=\"image_inline-full__dam-img\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/picture> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_FDA326EF-8676-3143-434E-C88BFE3C1B93@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Zatko was fired by Twitter <a href=\"https:\/\/money.cnn.com\/quote\/quote.html?symb=TWTR&amp;source=story_quote_link\"> (TWTR)<\/a> in January for what the company claims was poor performance. According to Zatko, his public whistleblowing comes after he attempted to flag the security lapses to Twitter <a href=\"https:\/\/money.cnn.com\/quote\/quote.html?symb=TWTR&amp;source=story_quote_link\"> (TWTR)<\/a>\u2019s board and to help Twitter <a href=\"https:\/\/money.cnn.com\/quote\/quote.html?symb=TWTR&amp;source=story_quote_link\"> (TWTR)<\/a> fix years of technical shortcomings and alleged non-compliance with an earlier <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ftc.gov\/news-events\/news\/press-releases\/2011\/03\/ftc-accepts-final-settlement-twitter-failure-safeguard-personal-information-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">privacy agreement<\/a> with the Federal Trade Commission. Zatko is being represented by Whistleblower Aid, the same group that represented Facebook whistleblower Frances Haugen. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_E2401AF9-D0AC-CB62-5AAA-C8747FC36098@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> John Tye, founder of Whistleblower Aid and Zatko\u2019s lawyer, told CNN that Zatko has not been in contact with Musk, and said Zatko began the whistleblower process before there was any indication of Musk\u2019s involvement with Twitter. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_E29669C5-03BD-2F49-B86C-CA9BDFC49489@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> After this article was initially published, Alex Spiro, an attorney for Musk, told CNN, \u201cWe have already issued a subpoena for Mr. Zatko, and we found his exit and that of other key employees curious in light of what we have been finding.\u201d <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_F5D3E070-6C2B-F217-DD54-C8747FC76E47@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> CNN sought comment from Twitter on more than 50 specific questions regarding the disclosure. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_AABB7543-3611-CD7F-BF0B-C8747FC94CFB@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> In a statement, a Twitter spokesperson told CNN that security and privacy are both longtime priorities for the company. Twitter also said the company provides clear tools for users to control privacy, ad targeting and data sharing, and added that it has created internal workflows to ensure users know that when they cancel their accounts, Twitter will deactivate the accounts and start a deletion process. Twitter declined to say whether it typically completes the process. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_8CE96867-452A-107C-B70B-C8747FCA5242@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> \u201cMr. Zatko was fired from his senior executive role at Twitter in January 2022 for ineffective leadership and poor performance,\u201d the Twitter spokesperson said. \u201cWhat we\u2019ve seen so far is a false narrative about Twitter and our privacy and data security practices that is riddled with inconsistencies and inaccuracies and lacks important context. Mr. Zatko\u2019s allegations and opportunistic timing appear designed to capture attention and inflict harm on Twitter, its customers and its shareholders. Security and privacy have long been company-wide priorities at Twitter and will continue to be.\u201d <\/p>\n<div data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/image\/instances\/image-72349dabf245549dff7979646ae860d3@published\" class=\"image_inline-full\" data-image-variation=\"image_inline-full\" data-name data-component-name=\"image\" data-observe-resizes data-breakpoints=\"{&quot;image_inline-full--eq-extra-small&quot;: 115, &quot;image_inline-full--eq-small&quot;: 300}\" data-editable=\"settings\">\n<div class=\"image_inline-full__container \" data-image-variation=\"image_inline-full\" data-breakpoints=\"{&quot;image_inline-full--eq-extra-small&quot;: 115, &quot;image_inline-full--eq-small&quot;: 300}\"> <picture class=\"image_inline-full__picture\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/20220823-mudgeportrait-03.jpg?q=h_3750,w_2500,x_0,y_0\/w_1280\" alt class=\"image_inline-full__dam-img\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/picture> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_B43420D2-80DA-CC04-7242-C888F4D22219@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Some of Zatko\u2019s most damning claims spring from his apparently tense relationship with Parag Agrawal, the company\u2019s former chief technology officer who <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2021\/11\/30\/tech\/parag-agrawal-profile\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">was made CEO<\/a> after Jack Dorsey stepped down last November. According to the disclosure, Agrawal and his lieutenants repeatedly discouraged Zatko from providing a full accounting of Twitter\u2019s security problems to the company\u2019s board of directors. The company\u2019s executive team allegedly instructed Zatko to provide an oral report of his initial findings on the company\u2019s security condition to the board rather than a detailed written account, ordered Zatko to knowingly present cherry-picked and misrepresented data to create the false perception of progress on urgent cybersecurity issues, and went behind Zatko\u2019s back to have a third-party consulting firm\u2019s report scrubbed to hide the true extent of the company\u2019s problems. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_4CBCA144-F459-CFA2-9D25-C8747FCF9A30@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The disclosure is generally much kinder to Dorsey, who hired Zatko and whom Zatko believes wanted to see the problems within the company fixed. But it does depict him as extremely disengaged in his final months leading Twitter \u2013 so much so that some senior staff even considered the possibility he was sick. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_A993B5B2-033C-E243-0B40-C8747FD151E9@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> CNN has reached out to Dorsey for comment. A person familiar with Zatko\u2019s tenure at Twitter told CNN the company investigated several claims he brought forward around the time he was fired, and ultimately found them unpersuasive; the person added that Zatko at times lacked understanding of Twitter\u2019s FTC obligations. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_42268DC5-B6F3-B2D0-A157-C8747FD38EFF@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Zatko believes his firing was in retaliation for his sounding the alarm about the company\u2019s security problems. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_7F6B20D3-905F-B492-FE96-C8747FD723E3@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The scathing disclosure, which totals around 200 pages, including supporting exhibits \u2013 was sent last month to a number of US government agencies and congressional committees, including the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Justice. The existence and details of the disclosure have not previously been reported. CNN obtained a copy of the disclosure from a senior Democratic aide on Capitol Hill. The SEC, DOJ and FTC declined to comment; the Senate Intelligence Committee, which received a copy of the report, is taking the disclosure seriously and is setting a meeting to discuss the allegations, according to Rachel Cohen, a committee spokesperson. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_6C02B773-6DCE-07EC-639C-C8747FE0BB72@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Sen. Dick Durbin, who chairs the Senate Judiciary Committee and also received the report, vowed to investigate \u201cand take further steps as needed to get to the bottom of these alarming allegations.\u201d <\/p>\n<aside data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/pull-quote\/instances\/pull_quote-interactive_424790DB-3366-FE36-7E17-C805A3B4EBEA@published\" class=\"pull-quote\"> <svg class=\"icon-sig-quote-default\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><path d=\"M9.277 6l.536.937c-1.224 1.12-1.584 2.961-1.6 4.236v.016h3.569v7.781H4v-6.103l.006-.02C4.037 10.014 6.287 6.874 9.276 6zm9.079 0l.536.937c-1.224 1.12-1.584 2.961-1.6 4.236v.016h3.569v7.78h-7.782v-6.102l.006-.02c.031-2.833 2.281-5.973 5.27-6.847z\" \/><\/svg> <\/p>\n<p class=\"pull-quote__text\" data-editable=\"text\"> The claims I\u2019ve received from a Twitter whistleblower raise serious national security concerns. <\/p>\n<p class=\"pull-quote__attribution\" data-editable=\"attribution\"> Sen. Chuck Grassley, the top Republican on the Senate Judiciary Committee <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_FE664E9C-DF2D-F1B1-D3EB-C8747FE4BB56@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Sen. Chuck Grassley, the same panel\u2019s top Republican and an avid Twitter user, also expressed deep concerns about the allegations in a statement to CNN. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_F6180DFF-1402-DC62-F382-C8747FE9622B@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> \u201cTake a tech platform that collects massive amounts of user data, combine it with what appears to be an incredibly weak security infrastructure and infuse it with foreign state actors with an agenda, and you\u2019ve got a recipe for disaster,\u201d Grassley said. \u201cThe claims I\u2019ve received from a Twitter whistleblower raise serious national security concerns as well as privacy issues, and they must be investigated further.\u201d <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_EB599263-379C-F9C4-20DD-CB9350643AC4@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The FTC should investigate the claims, and impose fines and individual liability on specific Twitter executives if a probe finds they were responsible for security lapses, Sen. Richard Blumenthal wrote to the agency in a letter on Tuesday obtained by CNN. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_00467BDF-64F2-C147-D580-CB9352CC90AB@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The letter by Blumenthal \u2014 who chairs the Senate subcommittee on consumer protection \u2014 highlights the pressure Twitter now faces from Washington as a result of the disclosure. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_2184C15C-F658-0C20-0A58-CB94C3304CFE@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> \u201cIf the Commission does not vigorously oversee and enforce its orders, they will not be taken seriously and these dangerous breaches will continue,\u201d Blumenthal wrote. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_2BDE1DBA-BF6A-A19D-3C6E-CC110C6EC978@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Zatko may be eligible for a monetary award from the US government as a result of his whistleblower activities. \u201cOriginal, timely and credible information that leads to a successful enforcement action\u201d by the SEC can earn whistleblowers up to a 30% cut of agency fines related to the action if the penalties amount to more than $1 million, the SEC has said. The SEC has awarded more than $1 billion to nearly 300 whistleblowers since 2012. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_5230A158-A7C9-449F-680C-CC118732FB80@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Tye told CNN that Zatko filed his disclosure to the SEC \u201cto help the agency enforce the laws,\u201d and to gain federal whistleblower protections. \u201cThe prospect of a reward was not a factor in Mudge\u2019s decision, and in fact he didn\u2019t even know about the reward program when he decided to become a lawful whistleblower.\u201d <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"subheader\" data-editable=\"text\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/subheader\/instances\/paragraph_C046BC20-762B-CBEE-E92F-C875D66E543A@published\" data-component-name=\"subheader\" id=\"paragraph-c046bc20-762b-cbee-e92f-c875d66e543a\"> The Whistleblower<br \/>\n<\/h2>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_6202CC50-E021-A7D1-C4D4-C8747FF3BF14@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Zatko first came to national attention in 1998 when he took part in the first congressional hearings on cybersecurity. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_0A155657-E6BB-506A-DF88-C8747FF7BC15@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> \u201cAll my life, I\u2019ve been about finding places where I can go and make a difference. I\u2019ve done that through the security field. That\u2019s my main lever,\u201d he told CNN in an interview earlier this month. <\/p>\n<div data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/video-resource\/instances\/h_4ad194315d902bbbe0135668905fba5f-h_f77d28e3e66bf9eb892ba4d94d6db83c@published\" class=\"video-resource\" data-analytics-aggregate-events=\"true\" data-video-id=\"business\/2022\/08\/23\/peiter-mudge-zatko-2000-vault-orig.cnn\" data-custom-experience data-asset-type data-medium-env data-live data-autostart=\"false\" data-chromeless=\"false\" data-show-ads=\"true\" data-headline=\"Twitter whistleblower was on CNN 22 years ago. Here's what he had to say\" data-duration=\"03:22\" data-source=\"CNN\" data-affiliate-source-link=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/business\" data-fave-thumbnails=\"{&quot;big&quot;:{&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/220822225552-peiter-zatko-mudge-2000-bernard-shaw-cnn-pkg.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_540,w_960,c_fill&quot;},&quot;small&quot;:{&quot;uri&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/220822225552-peiter-zatko-mudge-2000-bernard-shaw-cnn-pkg.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_540,w_960,c_fill&quot;}}\" data-vr-video data-show-name data-show-url>\n<section class=\"body tabcontent active\" data-tabcontent=\"Content\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"video-resource__details\">\n<div class=\"video-resource__credit\"> <span class=\"video-resource__duration\">03:22<\/span> <span class=\"video-resource__source\"> &#8211; Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/business\" class=\"video-resource__source-url\"> CNN<\/a> <\/span> <\/div>\n<div class=\"video-resource__caption\">Twitter whistleblower was on CNN 22 years ago. Here&#8217;s what he had to say<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_313E6D39-E6B5-B1D4-365C-C8747FFD3D00@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The events leading to his decision to become a whistleblower began before he worked at Twitter, with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2020\/07\/15\/tech\/twitter-hack-elon-musk-bill-gates\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a devastating hack<\/a> in 2020 in which the Twitter accounts of some of the world\u2019s most famous people, including then-presidential candidate Joe Biden, former President Barack Obama, Kim Kardashian and Musk, were compromised. Twitter told CNN that in response to the incident, the company began compartmentalizing access to customer support tools. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_43D38A5E-0B9A-A65C-86E1-C8748002421E@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> After the attack, Dorsey recruited Zatko, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-twitter-security\/twitter-names-famed-hacker-mudge-as-head-of-security-idUSKBN27W2MB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">well-known \u201cethical hacker\u201d<\/a> turned cybersecurity insider and executive who previously held senior roles at Google, Stripe and the US Department of Defense, and who told CNN that he\u2019d been offered a senior, day-one cyber position in the Biden administration. <\/p>\n<div data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/image\/instances\/image-4d4e0d14b8caef80b33d722f8d736735@published\" class=\"image\" data-image-variation=\"image\" data-name=\"02 Peiter Zatko FILE RESTRICTED\" data-component-name=\"image\" data-observe-resizes data-breakpoints=\"{&quot;image--eq-extra-small&quot;: 115, &quot;image--eq-small&quot;: 300}\" data-editable=\"settings\">\n<div class=\"image__container \" data-image-variation=\"image\" data-breakpoints=\"{&quot;image--eq-extra-small&quot;: 115, &quot;image--eq-small&quot;: 300}\"> <picture class=\"image__picture\"><source media=\"(min-width: 1280px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/220819170656-02-peiter-zatko-file-restricted.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_720,w_1280,c_fill\"><source media=\"(min-width: 960px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/220819170656-02-peiter-zatko-file-restricted.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_540,w_960,c_fill\"><source media=\"(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/220819170656-02-peiter-zatko-file-restricted.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_270,w_480,c_fill\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/220819170656-02-peiter-zatko-file-restricted.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_270,w_480,c_fill\" alt=\"Zatko, center, was among a group of hackers who testified before Congress on cybersecurity in 1998.\" class=\"image__dam-img\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/picture> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_BAB440B3-AF39-D177-431D-C87480089690@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> What Zatko says he found was a company with extraordinarily poor security practices, including giving thousands of the company\u2019s employees \u2014 amounting to roughly half the company\u2019s workforce \u2014 access to some of the platform\u2019s critical controls. His disclosure describes his overall findings as \u201cegregious deficiencies, negligence, willful ignorance, and threats to national security and democracy.\u201d <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_F3E99635-DA03-FA86-D5B7-C874800D9E27@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> After the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/specials\/politics\/january-6-insurrection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">January 6 insurrection<\/a>, Zatko was concerned about the possibility someone within Twitter who sympathized with the insurrectionists could try to manipulate the company\u2019s platform, according to his disclosure. He sought to clamp down on internal access that allows Twitter engineers to make changes to the platform, known as the \u201cproduction environment.\u201d <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_580223AA-6D2E-C623-198C-C87480620A5D@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> But, the disclosure says, Zatko soon learned \u201cit was impossible to protect the production environment. All engineers had access. There was no logging of who went into the environment or what they did\u2026. Nobody knew where data lived or whether it was critical, and all engineers had some form of critical access to the production environment.\u201d Twitter also lacked the ability to hold workers accountable for information security lapses because it has little control or visibility into employees\u2019 individual work computers, Zatko claims, citing internal cybersecurity reports estimating that 4 in 10 devices do not meet basic security standards. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_97F72A51-75F6-8361-A8D7-C87480C8B8FD@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Twitter\u2019s flimsy server infrastructure is a separate yet equally serious vulnerability, the disclosure claims. About half of the company\u2019s 500,000 servers run on outdated software that does not support basic security features such as encryption for stored data or regular security updates by vendors, according to the letter to regulators and a February email Zatko wrote to Patrick Pichette, a Twitter board member, that is included in the disclosure. <\/p>\n<aside data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/pull-quote\/instances\/pull_quote-interactive_12CDB275-56EE-6277-7AD3-C84B492D9B7B@published\" class=\"pull-quote\"> <svg class=\"icon-sig-quote-default\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><path d=\"M9.277 6l.536.937c-1.224 1.12-1.584 2.961-1.6 4.236v.016h3.569v7.781H4v-6.103l.006-.02C4.037 10.014 6.287 6.874 9.276 6zm9.079 0l.536.937c-1.224 1.12-1.584 2.961-1.6 4.236v.016h3.569v7.78h-7.782v-6.102l.006-.02c.031-2.833 2.281-5.973 5.27-6.847z\" \/><\/svg> <\/p>\n<p class=\"pull-quote__text\" data-editable=\"text\"> [I]t was impossible to protect the production environment. All engineers had access. There was no logging of who went into the environment or what they did. <\/p>\n<p class=\"pull-quote__attribution\" data-editable=\"attribution\"> From Zatko&#8217;s disclosure <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_693E190E-E206-FABE-1EAC-C874813875D3@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The company also lacks sufficient redundancies and procedures to restart or recover from data center crashes, Zatko\u2019s disclosure says, meaning that even minor outages of several data centers at the same time could knock the entire Twitter service offline, perhaps for good. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_EEE80ED2-D167-3D94-BB1C-C874818487A7@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Twitter did not respond to questions about the risk of data center outages, but told CNN that people on Twitter\u2019s engineering and product teams are authorized to access the production environment if they have a specific business justification for doing so. Twitter\u2019s employees use devices overseen by other IT and security teams with the power to prevent a device from connecting to sensitive internal systems if it is running outdated software, Twitter added. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_A8E084C3-FFA4-AF4A-D5B7-C87481C913E3@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The company also said it uses automated checks to ensure laptops running outdated software cannot access the production environment, and that employees may only make changes to Twitter\u2019s live product after the code meets certain record-keeping and review requirements. <\/p>\n<div data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/html-embed\/instances\/info-graphic-interactive_A4BE805E-46F5-9270-9DB7-C7F3ABC05D1C@published\" class=\"html-embed\" data-editable=\"settings\">\n<style>.m-infographic_1661211984574{background:url(https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/interactive\/uploads\/20220822-parag-omid-email.png) no-repeat 0 0 transparent;margin-bottom:30px;width:100%;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;-webkit-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;font-size:0;}.m-infographic_1661211984574:before{content:\"\";display:block;padding-top:49.14%;}@media (min-width:640px) {.m-infographic_1661211984574 {background-image:url(https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/interactive\/uploads\/20220822-parag-omid-email.png);}.m-infographic_1661211984574:before{padding-top:49.14%;}}@media (min-width:1120px) {.m-infographic_1661211984574 {background-image:url(https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/interactive\/uploads\/20220822-parag-omid-email.png);}.m-infographic_1661211984574:before{padding-top:49.14%;}}<\/style>\n<p class=\"caption\">In an e-mail exchange between whistleblower Peiter Zatko and Twitter CEO Parag Agrawal, Zatko expresses confusion around expectations for corrective documents.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_E635031D-1FCA-F0D4-870E-C889D6B21D68@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Twitter has internal security tools that are tested by the company regularly, and every two years by external auditors, according to the person familiar with Zatko\u2019s tenure at the company. The person added that some of Zatko\u2019s statistics surrounding device security lacked credibility and were derived by a small team that did not properly account for Twitter\u2019s existing security procedures. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_2D992EF4-291C-FBB1-A3A6-C87481DD5D05@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> But Twitter\u2019s security concerns had come to light prior to 2020. In 2010, the FTC filed a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ftc.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/cases\/2011\/03\/110311twittercmpt.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">complaint<\/a> against Twitter for its mishandling of users\u2019 private information and the issue of too many employees having access to Twitter\u2019s central controls. The complaint resulted in an FTC <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ftc.gov\/news-events\/news\/press-releases\/2011\/03\/ftc-accepts-final-settlement-twitter-failure-safeguard-personal-information-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">consent order<\/a> finalized the following year in which Twitter vowed to clean up its act, including by creating and maintaining \u201ca comprehensive information security program.\u201d <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_349CCDF9-149B-0800-C52F-C87481E77C81@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Zatko alleges that despite the company\u2019s claims to the contrary, it had \u201cnever been in compliance\u201d with what the FTC demanded more than 10 years ago. As a result of its alleged failures to address vulnerabilities raised by the FTC as well as other deficiencies, he says, Twitter suffers an \u201canomalously high rate of security incidents,\u201d approximately one per week serious enough to require disclosure to government agencies. \u201cBased on my professional experience, peer companies do not have this magnitude or volume of incidents,\u201d Zatko wrote in a February letter to Twitter\u2019s board after he was fired by Twitter in January. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_8B33DFC4-2A3B-37B3-B5F6-C87481F1E98B@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The stakes of Zatko\u2019s disclosure are enormous. It could lead to billions of dollars in new fines for Twitter if it\u2019s found to have violated its legal obligations, according to Jon Leibowitz, who was chair of the FTC at the time of Twitter\u2019s original 2011 consent order. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_5B42EE09-61AF-9D0F-795A-C87482001F06@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The agency now has another opportunity to show the tech industry it is serious about holding platforms accountable, Leibowitz added, after officials opted not to name top Facebook execs including Mark Zuckerberg and Sheryl Sandberg in the FTC\u2019s $5 billion privacy settlement with that company in 2019. <\/p>\n<aside data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/pull-quote\/instances\/pull_quote-interactive_DBBB6854-D181-AFED-92DD-C84F4271B12B@published\" class=\"pull-quote\"> <svg class=\"icon-sig-quote-default\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><path d=\"M9.277 6l.536.937c-1.224 1.12-1.584 2.961-1.6 4.236v.016h3.569v7.781H4v-6.103l.006-.02C4.037 10.014 6.287 6.874 9.276 6zm9.079 0l.536.937c-1.224 1.12-1.584 2.961-1.6 4.236v.016h3.569v7.78h-7.782v-6.102l.006-.02c.031-2.833 2.281-5.973 5.27-6.847z\" \/><\/svg> <\/p>\n<p class=\"pull-quote__text\" data-editable=\"text\"> [I]f there\u2019s a violation here \u2014 and that\u2019s a big if \u2014 then I think the FTC should very seriously consider not just fining the corporation but also putting the executives responsible under order. <\/p>\n<p class=\"pull-quote__attribution\" data-editable=\"attribution\"> Jon Leibowitz, former chair of the FTC <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_41DC7F58-CA08-2B8F-C7D2-C874821083B9@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> \u201cOne of the big disappointments in the Facebook order violation case was that the FTC let executives off the hook; they should\u2019ve been named,\u201d Leibowitz told CNN in an interview. \u201cAnd if there\u2019s a violation here \u2014 and that\u2019s a big if \u2014 then I think the FTC should very seriously consider not just fining the corporation but also putting the executives responsible under order.\u201d <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_1045F45C-63AB-CF73-156A-C874821C7EE6@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Twitter told CNN its FTC compliance record speaks for itself, citing third-party audits filed to the agency under the 2011 consent order in which it said Zatko did not participate. Twitter also said it is in compliance with relevant privacy rules and that it has been transparent with regulators about its efforts to fix any shortcomings in its systems. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_051684C5-6ACA-7291-80EE-C874822A6158@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Zatko\u2019s allegations are based in part on a failure to grasp how Twitter\u2019s existing programs and processes work to fulfill Twitter\u2019s FTC obligations, the person familiar with his tenure told CNN, saying that misunderstanding has prompted him to make inaccurate claims about the company\u2019s level of compliance. <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"subheader\" data-editable=\"text\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/subheader\/instances\/paragraph_A2875DD8-96C2-45DB-CB91-C87AC9317B46@published\" data-component-name=\"subheader\" id=\"paragraph-a2875dd8-96c2-45db-cb91-c87ac9317b46\"> Foreign threats <\/h2>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_710DBADE-F530-9907-942F-C8748242AE2E@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Twitter is exceptionally vulnerable to foreign government exploitation in ways that undermine US national security, and the company may even have foreign spies currently on its payroll, the disclosure alleges. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_8EBAC2A1-C59A-624A-F81A-C8748252A4FA@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The whistleblower report says the US government provided specific evidence to Twitter shortly before Zatko\u2019s firing that at least one of its employees, perhaps more, were working for another government\u2019s intelligence service. The report does not say whether Twitter was already aware or if it subsequently acted on the tip. <\/p>\n<div data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/image\/instances\/image-9dd9c70d56e94138d4e86268b33e5c82@published\" class=\"image\" data-image-variation=\"image\" data-name=\"Parag Agrawal FILE\" data-component-name=\"image\" data-observe-resizes data-breakpoints=\"{&quot;image--eq-extra-small&quot;: 115, &quot;image--eq-small&quot;: 300}\" data-editable=\"settings\">\n<div class=\"image__container \" data-image-variation=\"image\" data-breakpoints=\"{&quot;image--eq-extra-small&quot;: 115, &quot;image--eq-small&quot;: 300}\"> <picture class=\"image__picture\"><source media=\"(min-width: 1280px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/220822220327-parag-agrawal-file.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_720,w_1280,c_fill\"><source media=\"(min-width: 960px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/220822220327-parag-agrawal-file.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_540,w_960,c_fill\"><source media=\"(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/220822220327-parag-agrawal-file.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_270,w_480,c_fill\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/220822220327-parag-agrawal-file.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_270,w_480,c_fill\" alt=\"Parag Agrawal, Twitter's former chief technology officer, was made CEO after Jack Dorsey stepped down last November.\" class=\"image__dam-img\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/picture> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_29462442-4537-969D-37FD-C87482709513@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Last year, prior to Russia\u2019s invasion of Ukraine, Agrawal \u2014 then Twitter\u2019s chief technology officer \u2014 proposed to Zatko that Twitter comply with Russian demands that could result in broad-based censorship or surveillance of the platform, Zatko alleges. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_4776AD1C-4D7A-B4B6-F4B6-C874827F4B1A@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The disclosure does not provide details of Agrawal\u2019s suggestion. Last summer, however, Russia <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/technology\/putin-signs-law-forcing-foreign-it-firms-open-offices-russia-2021-07-01\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">passed a law<\/a> pressuring tech platforms to open local offices in the country or face potential advertising bans, a move western security experts said was intended to give Russia greater leverage over US tech companies. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_5454F5DB-78FD-8354-D92E-C874828EF5EC@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> While Agrawal\u2019s suggestion was ultimately discarded, it was still an alarming sign of how far Twitter was willing to go in pursuit of growth, according to Zatko. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_5D3EE4B3-6953-0CA6-5035-C874829DE4BC@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> \u201cThe fact that Twitter\u2019s current CEO even suggested Twitter become complicit with the Putin regime is cause for concern about Twitter\u2019s effects on U.S. national security,\u201d Zatko\u2019s disclosure says. <\/p>\n<aside data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/pull-quote\/instances\/pull_quote-interactive_37B37C31-B374-1227-412A-C85022442522@published\" class=\"pull-quote\"> <svg class=\"icon-sig-quote-default\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><path d=\"M9.277 6l.536.937c-1.224 1.12-1.584 2.961-1.6 4.236v.016h3.569v7.781H4v-6.103l.006-.02C4.037 10.014 6.287 6.874 9.276 6zm9.079 0l.536.937c-1.224 1.12-1.584 2.961-1.6 4.236v.016h3.569v7.78h-7.782v-6.102l.006-.02c.031-2.833 2.281-5.973 5.27-6.847z\" \/><\/svg> <\/p>\n<p class=\"pull-quote__text\" data-editable=\"text\"> The fact that Twitter\u2019s current CEO even suggested Twitter become complicit with the Putin regime is cause for concern about Twitter\u2019s effects on US national security, <\/p>\n<p class=\"pull-quote__attribution\" data-editable=\"attribution\"> From Zatko&#8217;s disclosure <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_622C8E73-2308-F7B1-F8CB-C87482AC3FE1@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Zatko\u2019s report is becoming public just two weeks after a former Twitter manager was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2022\/08\/09\/tech\/former-twitter-employee-conviction\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">convicted of spying<\/a> for Saudi Arabia. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_D6AE71AB-C4BA-666B-2F23-C87482BD2FA0@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The Saudi case underscores the gravity of the allegations Zatko now levels at Twitter. His report could further inflame bipartisan concerns in Washington about foreign adversaries and the cybersecurity threats they pose to Americans, ranging from the theft of US citizens\u2019 data to manipulating US voters or stealing technology and trade secrets. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_78B2BF0C-55B9-872E-7AAD-C87482CE9D5F@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Twitter did not respond to specific questions about its alleged foreign intelligence vulnerabilities. <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"subheader\" data-editable=\"text\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/subheader\/instances\/paragraph_2C4715D5-77D1-409B-8BAF-C87B92882CCA@published\" data-component-name=\"subheader\" id=\"paragraph-2c4715d5-77d1-409b-8baf-c87b92882cca\"> The Musk element <\/h2>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_FB7D0D4B-3FB2-DA63-EBA6-C87482EE22FE@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Zatko\u2019s disclosure comes at a particularly fortuitous moment for Musk, who is engaged in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2022\/07\/12\/tech\/twitter-elon-musk-acquisition-lawsuit\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">legal battle with Twitter<\/a> over his attempt to back out of buying the company. Musk has accused Twitter of lying about the number of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2022\/05\/16\/tech\/elon-musk-twitter-spam-bots-parag\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">spam bots on its platform<\/a>, an issue that he claims should let him terminate the deal. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_47C87FBB-4ED9-7055-5FC2-C87483095C16@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> While the binding acquisition agreement that Musk signed with Twitter in April did not include any bot-related exemptions, the billionaire claims that the number of bots on the platform affect the user experience and that having more bots than previously known could therefore impact the company\u2019s long-term value. After Musk <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2022\/07\/08\/tech\/elon-musk-twitter-deal-exit\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">moved to terminate<\/a> the purchase, Twitter responded with a lawsuit alleging that he is using bots as a pretext to get out of a deal over which he now has buyers\u2019 remorse following the recent market downturn, and asking a court to force him to close the deal. The case is set to go to trial in Delaware Chancery Court in October. <\/p>\n<div data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/image\/instances\/image-97e1544f09a3767d7e6e7b4c5445f824@published\" class=\"image\" data-image-variation=\"image\" data-name=\"FILE twitter headquarters 2019\" data-component-name=\"image\" data-observe-resizes data-breakpoints=\"{&quot;image--eq-extra-small&quot;: 115, &quot;image--eq-small&quot;: 300}\" data-editable=\"settings\">\n<div class=\"image__container \" data-image-variation=\"image\" data-breakpoints=\"{&quot;image--eq-extra-small&quot;: 115, &quot;image--eq-small&quot;: 300}\"> <picture class=\"image__picture\"><source media=\"(min-width: 1280px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/200716133004-file-twitter-headquarters-2019.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_720,w_1280,c_fill\"><source media=\"(min-width: 960px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/200716133004-file-twitter-headquarters-2019.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_540,w_960,c_fill\"><source media=\"(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/200716133004-file-twitter-headquarters-2019.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_270,w_480,c_fill\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/200716133004-file-twitter-headquarters-2019.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_270,w_480,c_fill\" alt=\"Twitter employees walk by the company's headquarters in San Francisco.\" class=\"image__dam-img\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/picture> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_11BE28C9-D4DC-8A72-E0F2-C874831A1D53@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> User numbers are vital information for any social media business, as advertising revenue depends on how many people could potentially see an ad. But figures about how many users a service has, or how many people actually view a given ad on a site, are notoriously unreliable throughout the tech and media industries due to manipulation and error. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_6EA73BB3-0C1E-A862-93BA-C8748329F16B@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Alone among social media companies, Twitter reports its user numbers to investors and advertisers using a measurement it calls monetizable daily active users, or mDAUs. Its rivals simply count and report all active users; until 2019, Twitter had worked that way as well. But that meant Twitter\u2019s figures were subject to significant swings in certain situations, including takedowns of major bot networks. So Twitter switched to mDAUs, which it says counts all users that could be shown an advertisement on Twitter \u2013 leaving all accounts that for some reason can\u2019t, for instance because they\u2019re known to be bots, in a separate bucket, according to Zatko\u2019s disclosure. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_F1564B24-F2B7-79D5-61EE-C874833A37C1@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The company has repeatedly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2022\/08\/05\/tech\/elon-musk-twitter-suit-answer\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported<\/a> that less than 5% of its mDAUs are fake or spam accounts, and a person familiar with the matter both affirmed that assessment to CNN this week and pointed to other investor disclosures saying the figure relies on significant judgement that may not accurately reflect reality. But Zatko\u2019s disclosure argues that by reporting bots only as a percentage of mDAU, rather than as a percentage of the total number of accounts on the platform, Twitter obscures the true scale of fake and spam accounts on the service, a move Zatko alleges is deliberately misleading. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_489604ED-7C2A-C071-19C0-C874834CE822@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Zatko says he began asking about the prevalence of bot accounts on Twitter in early 2021, and was told by Twitter\u2019s head of site integrity that the company didn\u2019t know how many total bots are on its platform. He alleges that he came away from conversations with the integrity team with the understanding that the company \u201chad no appetite to properly measure the prevalence of bots,\u201d in part because if the true number became public, it could harm the company\u2019s value and image. <\/p>\n<aside data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/pull-quote\/instances\/pull_quote-interactive_825B2822-9CDC-62E6-E0BA-C85148329DB1@published\" class=\"pull-quote\"> <svg class=\"icon-sig-quote-default\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><path d=\"M9.277 6l.536.937c-1.224 1.12-1.584 2.961-1.6 4.236v.016h3.569v7.781H4v-6.103l.006-.02C4.037 10.014 6.287 6.874 9.276 6zm9.079 0l.536.937c-1.224 1.12-1.584 2.961-1.6 4.236v.016h3.569v7.78h-7.782v-6.102l.006-.02c.031-2.833 2.281-5.973 5.27-6.847z\" \/><\/svg> <\/p>\n<p class=\"pull-quote__text\" data-editable=\"text\"> Jack Dorsey reached out and asked me to come and perform a critical task at Twitter. I signed on to do it and believe I\u2019m still performing that mission. <\/p>\n<p class=\"pull-quote__attribution\" data-editable=\"attribution\"> Peiter &#8220;Mudge&#8221; Zatko, former Twitter head of security <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_DF431129-E27D-294B-0971-C87483610DC7@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Experts on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2022\/06\/17\/tech\/elon-musk-twitter-bots\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">inauthentic behavior online say<\/a> it can be difficult to quantify \u201cbots\u201d because there isn\u2019t a widely agreed upon definition of the term, and because bad actors constantly change their tactics. There are also many harmless bots on Twitter (and across the internet), such as automated news accounts, and Twitter offers an opt-in feature to allow such accounts to transparently label themselves as automated. Twitter told CNN that the claim it doesn\u2019t know how many bots are on its platform lacks context, reiterating that not all bots are bad and adding that to focus on the total number of bots on Twitter would include those the company may have already identified and taken action against. The company also does not believe it can catch every spam account on the platform, Twitter said, which is why it reports its less-than-5% figure, which reflects a manual estimate, in its financial filings. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_A0B3124C-94A3-2E7B-2B5C-C87483761298@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> But Zatko told CNN he thinks there would still be value in attempting to measure the total number of spam, false or otherwise potentially harmful automated accounts on the platform. \u201cThe executive team, the board, the shareholders and the users all deserve an honest answer as to what it is that they are consuming as far as data and information and content [on the platform \u2026 At least from my point of view, I want to invest in a company where I know what\u2019s actually going on because I want to invest strategically in the long-term value of an organization,\u201d he said. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_BF3F8F8E-F02C-BB6E-F5E0-C874838BDE0F@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> Twitter says that it allows bots on its platform, but its rules prohibit those that engage in spam or platform manipulation. But, as with all social media platforms\u2019 rules, the challenge often lies in enforcing its policies. <\/p>\n<div data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/image\/instances\/image-5b6d6cb99143aaf57f67a2e52d7634a8@published\" class=\"image\" data-image-variation=\"image\" data-name=\"Elon Musk FILE 2020\" data-component-name=\"image\" data-observe-resizes data-breakpoints=\"{&quot;image--eq-extra-small&quot;: 115, &quot;image--eq-small&quot;: 300}\" data-editable=\"settings\">\n<div class=\"image__container \" data-image-variation=\"image\" data-breakpoints=\"{&quot;image--eq-extra-small&quot;: 115, &quot;image--eq-small&quot;: 300}\"> <picture class=\"image__picture\"><source media=\"(min-width: 1280px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/220822220453-elon-musk-file-2020.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_720,w_1280,c_fill\"><source media=\"(min-width: 960px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/220822220453-elon-musk-file-2020.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_540,w_960,c_fill\"><source media=\"(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/220822220453-elon-musk-file-2020.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_270,w_480,c_fill\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.cnn.com\/api\/v1\/images\/stellar\/prod\/220822220453-elon-musk-file-2020.jpg?c=16x9&amp;q=h_270,w_480,c_fill\" alt=\"Elon Musk is engaged in a legal battle with Twitter over his attempt to back out of buying the company.\" class=\"image__dam-img\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/picture> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_E0086BE6-C16B-548F-446A-C87483A2FF1D@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> The company says it regularly challenges, suspends and removes accounts engaged in spam and platform manipulation, including typically removing more than one million spam accounts each day. Twitter said the total number of bots on the platform is not a useful number. The company declined to answer questions about the total number of accounts on the platform or the average number of new accounts added on the platform daily as context around its daily bot deletion figure. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_417C21A0-96FB-B6A1-2BC7-C87483B8D7B3@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> But in casting doubt on Twitter\u2019s ability to estimate the true number of fake and spam accounts, Zatko\u2019s allegations could provide ammunition to Musk\u2019s central claim that the figure is much higher than Twitter has publicly reported. <\/p>\n<p class=\"paragraph inline-placeholder\" data-uri=\"archive.cms.cnn.com\/_components\/paragraph\/instances\/paragraph_777BB453-B9D8-E39A-305E-C87483D0F649@published\" data-editable=\"text\" data-component-name=\"paragraph\"> By going public, Zatko says, he believes he is doing the job he was hired to do for a platform he says is critical to democracy. \u201cJack Dorsey reached out and asked me to come and perform a critical task at Twitter. I signed on to do it and believe I\u2019m still performing that mission,\u201d he said. <\/p>\n<p> READ MORE <a href=\"https:\/\/packetstormsecurity.com\/news\/view\/33760\/Mudge-Blows-The-Whistle-On-Twitters-Security.html\">HERE<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>READ MORE HERE&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":48122,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[277],"tags":[1855],"class_list":["post-48121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cybersecurity-blogs","tag-headlinehackergovernmentprivacyusadata-losstwitter"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mudge Blows The Whistle On Twitter&#039;s Security 2026 | ThreatsHub Cybersecurity 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