{"id":33219,"date":"2020-02-07T20:01:23","date_gmt":"2020-02-07T20:01:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/e863d3fe-8527-4646-af7c-dab97a886b5a"},"modified":"2020-02-07T20:01:23","modified_gmt":"2020-02-07T20:01:23","slug":"apple-deprecating-macos-kernel-extensions-kexts-is-a-great-win-for-security","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.threatshub.org\/blog\/apple-deprecating-macos-kernel-extensions-kexts-is-a-great-win-for-security\/","title":{"rendered":"Apple deprecating macOS kernel extensions (KEXTs) is a great win for security"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"macOS<\/span>Image: Bundo Kim<\/span> <\/p>\n

\n

techrepublic cheat sheet<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n

At the WWDC conference last year, Apple announced plans to deprecate macOS “kernel extensions<\/a>” (KEXTs) and replace them with a new mechanism called “system extensions<\/a>.”<\/p>\n

The first step towards this announcement was made with the release of macOS Catalina (10.15.0) in September 2019, when system extensions were introduced alongside kernel extensions.<\/p>\n

The final step of Apple’s plan will come into effect in the coming weeks, with the upcoming release of macOS Catalina 10.15.4.<\/p>\n

According to Apple<\/a>, starting with macOS 10.15.4, use of kernel extensions will trigger a notification to the user that the software includes a deprecated API and will ask the user to contact the developer for alternatives.<\/p>\n

What’s the difference between the two?<\/h3>\n

Both kernel extensions and system extensions serve the same purpose. They allow users to install apps that extend the native capabilities of the macOS operating system.<\/p>\n

Apps install kernel\/system extensions that allow them to perform operations for which macOS has no native features or functions.<\/p>\n

Mac antivirus software, firewalls, VPN clients, DNS proxies, USB drivers, and others, all make use of kernel extensions.<\/p>\n

\n<\/section>\n

The difference between these two new extension systems is that the older kernel extensions execute their code at the macOS kernel level, while the newer system extensions run in a more tightly-controlled user-space.<\/p>\n

Great move for security<\/h3>\n

“From Apple’s point of view, this a major step towards improving the security of macOS,” Patrick Wardle, Principal Security Researcher at Jamf, and a well-known macOS security expert, told ZDNet<\/em> in an interview this week.<\/p>\n

“Third-party kernel extensions do pose a juicy attack vector for attackers targeting macOS,” he added. “Especially if you, as an attacker can exploit a kernel extension, or load your own (assuming it’s signed).”<\/p>\n

And attacks involving KEXTs have happened in the past [1<\/a>, 2<\/a>, 3<\/a>].<\/p>\n

“It’s really game over for macOS,” Wardle said. “Many many security mechanisms are implemented\/enforced in the kernel.”<\/p>\n

Wardle says that an attack like this wouldn’t work with system extensions, as they run in user-mode.<\/p>\n

“As they don’t run in the kernel, an exploit doesn’t give you kernel-mode access anymore as it did with a KEXT exploit,” Wardle said.<\/p>\n

“So Apple basically wants to kick everybody out [of the kernel], largely for security reasons.”<\/p>\n

Potential downsides
<\/h3>\n

However, Wardle says there’s also a downside to this move.<\/p>\n

The first is that by kicking app devs out of the kernel, Apple also gains a lot more control over macOS, similar to the control they have over iOS.<\/p>\n

Until now, macOS has been a haven for developers and its users. If macOS didn’t have a specific feature, developers could just create an app and leverage a kernel extension to add the features they needed.<\/p>\n

The second downside is that many security tools themselves, have heavily relied and have been built around the full access kernel extensions provide to a user’s Mac. One might argue that Apple’s move towards system extensions might end un neutering security products, which will lose some of their ability to detect and stop malware along the way.<\/p>\n

However, Wardle, who is the author of many free macOS security tools<\/a>, says that Apple has provided “some great user-mode frameworks that provide 3rd-party security tools the capabilities to they need,” so it appears that Apple hasn’t been cutting the branch from under its feet, just yet.<\/p>\n

But for the time being, it is unclear if system extensions would provide the same versatility and coding freedom as kernel extensions. This remains to be seen — and a topic for another article — as we’ll need more time for macOS developers to slowly make the switch to system extensions going forward.<\/p>\n

However, Wardle points out that the move is a good one for macOS security, overall, regardless of other possible reasons for Apple’s move.<\/p>\n

READ MORE HERE<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Apple kernel extension APIs to be deprecated in macOS 10.15.4.
\nREAD MORE HERE…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":33220,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[62],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdnet-security"],"yoast_head":"\nApple deprecating macOS kernel extensions (KEXTs) is a great win for security 2026 | ThreatsHub Cybersecurity News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"ThreatsHub Cybersecurity News | ThreatsHub.org | Cloud Security & Cyber Threats Analysis Hub. 100% Free OSINT Threat Intelligent and Cybersecurity News.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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